xref: /linux/mm/mmu_notifier.c (revision 4413e16d9d21673bb5048a2e542f1aaa00015c2e)
1 /*
2  *  linux/mm/mmu_notifier.c
3  *
4  *  Copyright (C) 2008  Qumranet, Inc.
5  *  Copyright (C) 2008  SGI
6  *             Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
7  *
8  *  This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2. See
9  *  the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
10  */
11 
12 #include <linux/rculist.h>
13 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
14 #include <linux/export.h>
15 #include <linux/mm.h>
16 #include <linux/err.h>
17 #include <linux/rcupdate.h>
18 #include <linux/sched.h>
19 #include <linux/slab.h>
20 
21 /*
22  * This function can't run concurrently against mmu_notifier_register
23  * because mm->mm_users > 0 during mmu_notifier_register and exit_mmap
24  * runs with mm_users == 0. Other tasks may still invoke mmu notifiers
25  * in parallel despite there being no task using this mm any more,
26  * through the vmas outside of the exit_mmap context, such as with
27  * vmtruncate. This serializes against mmu_notifier_unregister with
28  * the mmu_notifier_mm->lock in addition to RCU and it serializes
29  * against the other mmu notifiers with RCU. struct mmu_notifier_mm
30  * can't go away from under us as exit_mmap holds an mm_count pin
31  * itself.
32  */
33 void __mmu_notifier_release(struct mm_struct *mm)
34 {
35 	struct mmu_notifier *mn;
36 	struct hlist_node *n;
37 
38 	/*
39 	 * RCU here will block mmu_notifier_unregister until
40 	 * ->release returns.
41 	 */
42 	rcu_read_lock();
43 	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(mn, n, &mm->mmu_notifier_mm->list, hlist)
44 		/*
45 		 * if ->release runs before mmu_notifier_unregister it
46 		 * must be handled as it's the only way for the driver
47 		 * to flush all existing sptes and stop the driver
48 		 * from establishing any more sptes before all the
49 		 * pages in the mm are freed.
50 		 */
51 		if (mn->ops->release)
52 			mn->ops->release(mn, mm);
53 	rcu_read_unlock();
54 
55 	spin_lock(&mm->mmu_notifier_mm->lock);
56 	while (unlikely(!hlist_empty(&mm->mmu_notifier_mm->list))) {
57 		mn = hlist_entry(mm->mmu_notifier_mm->list.first,
58 				 struct mmu_notifier,
59 				 hlist);
60 		/*
61 		 * We arrived before mmu_notifier_unregister so
62 		 * mmu_notifier_unregister will do nothing other than
63 		 * to wait ->release to finish and
64 		 * mmu_notifier_unregister to return.
65 		 */
66 		hlist_del_init_rcu(&mn->hlist);
67 	}
68 	spin_unlock(&mm->mmu_notifier_mm->lock);
69 
70 	/*
71 	 * synchronize_rcu here prevents mmu_notifier_release to
72 	 * return to exit_mmap (which would proceed freeing all pages
73 	 * in the mm) until the ->release method returns, if it was
74 	 * invoked by mmu_notifier_unregister.
75 	 *
76 	 * The mmu_notifier_mm can't go away from under us because one
77 	 * mm_count is hold by exit_mmap.
78 	 */
79 	synchronize_rcu();
80 }
81 
82 /*
83  * If no young bitflag is supported by the hardware, ->clear_flush_young can
84  * unmap the address and return 1 or 0 depending if the mapping previously
85  * existed or not.
86  */
87 int __mmu_notifier_clear_flush_young(struct mm_struct *mm,
88 					unsigned long address)
89 {
90 	struct mmu_notifier *mn;
91 	struct hlist_node *n;
92 	int young = 0;
93 
94 	rcu_read_lock();
95 	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(mn, n, &mm->mmu_notifier_mm->list, hlist) {
96 		if (mn->ops->clear_flush_young)
97 			young |= mn->ops->clear_flush_young(mn, mm, address);
98 	}
99 	rcu_read_unlock();
100 
101 	return young;
102 }
103 
104 int __mmu_notifier_test_young(struct mm_struct *mm,
105 			      unsigned long address)
106 {
107 	struct mmu_notifier *mn;
108 	struct hlist_node *n;
109 	int young = 0;
110 
111 	rcu_read_lock();
112 	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(mn, n, &mm->mmu_notifier_mm->list, hlist) {
113 		if (mn->ops->test_young) {
114 			young = mn->ops->test_young(mn, mm, address);
115 			if (young)
116 				break;
117 		}
118 	}
119 	rcu_read_unlock();
120 
121 	return young;
122 }
123 
124 void __mmu_notifier_change_pte(struct mm_struct *mm, unsigned long address,
125 			       pte_t pte)
126 {
127 	struct mmu_notifier *mn;
128 	struct hlist_node *n;
129 
130 	rcu_read_lock();
131 	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(mn, n, &mm->mmu_notifier_mm->list, hlist) {
132 		if (mn->ops->change_pte)
133 			mn->ops->change_pte(mn, mm, address, pte);
134 		/*
135 		 * Some drivers don't have change_pte,
136 		 * so we must call invalidate_page in that case.
137 		 */
138 		else if (mn->ops->invalidate_page)
139 			mn->ops->invalidate_page(mn, mm, address);
140 	}
141 	rcu_read_unlock();
142 }
143 
144 void __mmu_notifier_invalidate_page(struct mm_struct *mm,
145 					  unsigned long address)
146 {
147 	struct mmu_notifier *mn;
148 	struct hlist_node *n;
149 
150 	rcu_read_lock();
151 	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(mn, n, &mm->mmu_notifier_mm->list, hlist) {
152 		if (mn->ops->invalidate_page)
153 			mn->ops->invalidate_page(mn, mm, address);
154 	}
155 	rcu_read_unlock();
156 }
157 
158 void __mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(struct mm_struct *mm,
159 				  unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
160 {
161 	struct mmu_notifier *mn;
162 	struct hlist_node *n;
163 
164 	rcu_read_lock();
165 	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(mn, n, &mm->mmu_notifier_mm->list, hlist) {
166 		if (mn->ops->invalidate_range_start)
167 			mn->ops->invalidate_range_start(mn, mm, start, end);
168 	}
169 	rcu_read_unlock();
170 }
171 
172 void __mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(struct mm_struct *mm,
173 				  unsigned long start, unsigned long end)
174 {
175 	struct mmu_notifier *mn;
176 	struct hlist_node *n;
177 
178 	rcu_read_lock();
179 	hlist_for_each_entry_rcu(mn, n, &mm->mmu_notifier_mm->list, hlist) {
180 		if (mn->ops->invalidate_range_end)
181 			mn->ops->invalidate_range_end(mn, mm, start, end);
182 	}
183 	rcu_read_unlock();
184 }
185 
186 static int do_mmu_notifier_register(struct mmu_notifier *mn,
187 				    struct mm_struct *mm,
188 				    int take_mmap_sem)
189 {
190 	struct mmu_notifier_mm *mmu_notifier_mm;
191 	int ret;
192 
193 	BUG_ON(atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) <= 0);
194 
195 	ret = -ENOMEM;
196 	mmu_notifier_mm = kmalloc(sizeof(struct mmu_notifier_mm), GFP_KERNEL);
197 	if (unlikely(!mmu_notifier_mm))
198 		goto out;
199 
200 	if (take_mmap_sem)
201 		down_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
202 	ret = mm_take_all_locks(mm);
203 	if (unlikely(ret))
204 		goto out_cleanup;
205 
206 	if (!mm_has_notifiers(mm)) {
207 		INIT_HLIST_HEAD(&mmu_notifier_mm->list);
208 		spin_lock_init(&mmu_notifier_mm->lock);
209 		mm->mmu_notifier_mm = mmu_notifier_mm;
210 		mmu_notifier_mm = NULL;
211 	}
212 	atomic_inc(&mm->mm_count);
213 
214 	/*
215 	 * Serialize the update against mmu_notifier_unregister. A
216 	 * side note: mmu_notifier_release can't run concurrently with
217 	 * us because we hold the mm_users pin (either implicitly as
218 	 * current->mm or explicitly with get_task_mm() or similar).
219 	 * We can't race against any other mmu notifier method either
220 	 * thanks to mm_take_all_locks().
221 	 */
222 	spin_lock(&mm->mmu_notifier_mm->lock);
223 	hlist_add_head(&mn->hlist, &mm->mmu_notifier_mm->list);
224 	spin_unlock(&mm->mmu_notifier_mm->lock);
225 
226 	mm_drop_all_locks(mm);
227 out_cleanup:
228 	if (take_mmap_sem)
229 		up_write(&mm->mmap_sem);
230 	/* kfree() does nothing if mmu_notifier_mm is NULL */
231 	kfree(mmu_notifier_mm);
232 out:
233 	BUG_ON(atomic_read(&mm->mm_users) <= 0);
234 	return ret;
235 }
236 
237 /*
238  * Must not hold mmap_sem nor any other VM related lock when calling
239  * this registration function. Must also ensure mm_users can't go down
240  * to zero while this runs to avoid races with mmu_notifier_release,
241  * so mm has to be current->mm or the mm should be pinned safely such
242  * as with get_task_mm(). If the mm is not current->mm, the mm_users
243  * pin should be released by calling mmput after mmu_notifier_register
244  * returns. mmu_notifier_unregister must be always called to
245  * unregister the notifier. mm_count is automatically pinned to allow
246  * mmu_notifier_unregister to safely run at any time later, before or
247  * after exit_mmap. ->release will always be called before exit_mmap
248  * frees the pages.
249  */
250 int mmu_notifier_register(struct mmu_notifier *mn, struct mm_struct *mm)
251 {
252 	return do_mmu_notifier_register(mn, mm, 1);
253 }
254 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mmu_notifier_register);
255 
256 /*
257  * Same as mmu_notifier_register but here the caller must hold the
258  * mmap_sem in write mode.
259  */
260 int __mmu_notifier_register(struct mmu_notifier *mn, struct mm_struct *mm)
261 {
262 	return do_mmu_notifier_register(mn, mm, 0);
263 }
264 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__mmu_notifier_register);
265 
266 /* this is called after the last mmu_notifier_unregister() returned */
267 void __mmu_notifier_mm_destroy(struct mm_struct *mm)
268 {
269 	BUG_ON(!hlist_empty(&mm->mmu_notifier_mm->list));
270 	kfree(mm->mmu_notifier_mm);
271 	mm->mmu_notifier_mm = LIST_POISON1; /* debug */
272 }
273 
274 /*
275  * This releases the mm_count pin automatically and frees the mm
276  * structure if it was the last user of it. It serializes against
277  * running mmu notifiers with RCU and against mmu_notifier_unregister
278  * with the unregister lock + RCU. All sptes must be dropped before
279  * calling mmu_notifier_unregister. ->release or any other notifier
280  * method may be invoked concurrently with mmu_notifier_unregister,
281  * and only after mmu_notifier_unregister returned we're guaranteed
282  * that ->release or any other method can't run anymore.
283  */
284 void mmu_notifier_unregister(struct mmu_notifier *mn, struct mm_struct *mm)
285 {
286 	BUG_ON(atomic_read(&mm->mm_count) <= 0);
287 
288 	if (!hlist_unhashed(&mn->hlist)) {
289 		/*
290 		 * RCU here will force exit_mmap to wait ->release to finish
291 		 * before freeing the pages.
292 		 */
293 		rcu_read_lock();
294 
295 		/*
296 		 * exit_mmap will block in mmu_notifier_release to
297 		 * guarantee ->release is called before freeing the
298 		 * pages.
299 		 */
300 		if (mn->ops->release)
301 			mn->ops->release(mn, mm);
302 		rcu_read_unlock();
303 
304 		spin_lock(&mm->mmu_notifier_mm->lock);
305 		hlist_del_rcu(&mn->hlist);
306 		spin_unlock(&mm->mmu_notifier_mm->lock);
307 	}
308 
309 	/*
310 	 * Wait any running method to finish, of course including
311 	 * ->release if it was run by mmu_notifier_relase instead of us.
312 	 */
313 	synchronize_rcu();
314 
315 	BUG_ON(atomic_read(&mm->mm_count) <= 0);
316 
317 	mmdrop(mm);
318 }
319 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(mmu_notifier_unregister);
320