xref: /linux/mm/mapping_dirty_helpers.c (revision a460513ed4b6994bfeb7bd86f72853140bc1ac12)
1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
2 #include <linux/pagewalk.h>
3 #include <linux/hugetlb.h>
4 #include <linux/bitops.h>
5 #include <linux/mmu_notifier.h>
6 #include <asm/cacheflush.h>
7 #include <asm/tlbflush.h>
8 
9 /**
10  * struct wp_walk - Private struct for pagetable walk callbacks
11  * @range: Range for mmu notifiers
12  * @tlbflush_start: Address of first modified pte
13  * @tlbflush_end: Address of last modified pte + 1
14  * @total: Total number of modified ptes
15  */
16 struct wp_walk {
17 	struct mmu_notifier_range range;
18 	unsigned long tlbflush_start;
19 	unsigned long tlbflush_end;
20 	unsigned long total;
21 };
22 
23 /**
24  * wp_pte - Write-protect a pte
25  * @pte: Pointer to the pte
26  * @addr: The start of protecting virtual address
27  * @end: The end of protecting virtual address
28  * @walk: pagetable walk callback argument
29  *
30  * The function write-protects a pte and records the range in
31  * virtual address space of touched ptes for efficient range TLB flushes.
32  */
33 static int wp_pte(pte_t *pte, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
34 		  struct mm_walk *walk)
35 {
36 	struct wp_walk *wpwalk = walk->private;
37 	pte_t ptent = *pte;
38 
39 	if (pte_write(ptent)) {
40 		pte_t old_pte = ptep_modify_prot_start(walk->vma, addr, pte);
41 
42 		ptent = pte_wrprotect(old_pte);
43 		ptep_modify_prot_commit(walk->vma, addr, pte, old_pte, ptent);
44 		wpwalk->total++;
45 		wpwalk->tlbflush_start = min(wpwalk->tlbflush_start, addr);
46 		wpwalk->tlbflush_end = max(wpwalk->tlbflush_end,
47 					   addr + PAGE_SIZE);
48 	}
49 
50 	return 0;
51 }
52 
53 /**
54  * struct clean_walk - Private struct for the clean_record_pte function.
55  * @base: struct wp_walk we derive from
56  * @bitmap_pgoff: Address_space Page offset of the first bit in @bitmap
57  * @bitmap: Bitmap with one bit for each page offset in the address_space range
58  * covered.
59  * @start: Address_space page offset of first modified pte relative
60  * to @bitmap_pgoff
61  * @end: Address_space page offset of last modified pte relative
62  * to @bitmap_pgoff
63  */
64 struct clean_walk {
65 	struct wp_walk base;
66 	pgoff_t bitmap_pgoff;
67 	unsigned long *bitmap;
68 	pgoff_t start;
69 	pgoff_t end;
70 };
71 
72 #define to_clean_walk(_wpwalk) container_of(_wpwalk, struct clean_walk, base)
73 
74 /**
75  * clean_record_pte - Clean a pte and record its address space offset in a
76  * bitmap
77  * @pte: Pointer to the pte
78  * @addr: The start of virtual address to be clean
79  * @end: The end of virtual address to be clean
80  * @walk: pagetable walk callback argument
81  *
82  * The function cleans a pte and records the range in
83  * virtual address space of touched ptes for efficient TLB flushes.
84  * It also records dirty ptes in a bitmap representing page offsets
85  * in the address_space, as well as the first and last of the bits
86  * touched.
87  */
88 static int clean_record_pte(pte_t *pte, unsigned long addr,
89 			    unsigned long end, struct mm_walk *walk)
90 {
91 	struct wp_walk *wpwalk = walk->private;
92 	struct clean_walk *cwalk = to_clean_walk(wpwalk);
93 	pte_t ptent = *pte;
94 
95 	if (pte_dirty(ptent)) {
96 		pgoff_t pgoff = ((addr - walk->vma->vm_start) >> PAGE_SHIFT) +
97 			walk->vma->vm_pgoff - cwalk->bitmap_pgoff;
98 		pte_t old_pte = ptep_modify_prot_start(walk->vma, addr, pte);
99 
100 		ptent = pte_mkclean(old_pte);
101 		ptep_modify_prot_commit(walk->vma, addr, pte, old_pte, ptent);
102 
103 		wpwalk->total++;
104 		wpwalk->tlbflush_start = min(wpwalk->tlbflush_start, addr);
105 		wpwalk->tlbflush_end = max(wpwalk->tlbflush_end,
106 					   addr + PAGE_SIZE);
107 
108 		__set_bit(pgoff, cwalk->bitmap);
109 		cwalk->start = min(cwalk->start, pgoff);
110 		cwalk->end = max(cwalk->end, pgoff + 1);
111 	}
112 
113 	return 0;
114 }
115 
116 /*
117  * wp_clean_pmd_entry - The pagewalk pmd callback.
118  *
119  * Dirty-tracking should take place on the PTE level, so
120  * WARN() if encountering a dirty huge pmd.
121  * Furthermore, never split huge pmds, since that currently
122  * causes dirty info loss. The pagefault handler should do
123  * that if needed.
124  */
125 static int wp_clean_pmd_entry(pmd_t *pmd, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
126 			      struct mm_walk *walk)
127 {
128 	pmd_t pmdval = pmd_read_atomic(pmd);
129 
130 	if (!pmd_trans_unstable(&pmdval))
131 		return 0;
132 
133 	if (pmd_none(pmdval)) {
134 		walk->action = ACTION_AGAIN;
135 		return 0;
136 	}
137 
138 	/* Huge pmd, present or migrated */
139 	walk->action = ACTION_CONTINUE;
140 	if (pmd_trans_huge(pmdval) || pmd_devmap(pmdval))
141 		WARN_ON(pmd_write(pmdval) || pmd_dirty(pmdval));
142 
143 	return 0;
144 }
145 
146 /*
147  * wp_clean_pud_entry - The pagewalk pud callback.
148  *
149  * Dirty-tracking should take place on the PTE level, so
150  * WARN() if encountering a dirty huge puds.
151  * Furthermore, never split huge puds, since that currently
152  * causes dirty info loss. The pagefault handler should do
153  * that if needed.
154  */
155 static int wp_clean_pud_entry(pud_t *pud, unsigned long addr, unsigned long end,
156 			      struct mm_walk *walk)
157 {
158 	pud_t pudval = READ_ONCE(*pud);
159 
160 	if (!pud_trans_unstable(&pudval))
161 		return 0;
162 
163 	if (pud_none(pudval)) {
164 		walk->action = ACTION_AGAIN;
165 		return 0;
166 	}
167 
168 	/* Huge pud */
169 	walk->action = ACTION_CONTINUE;
170 	if (pud_trans_huge(pudval) || pud_devmap(pudval))
171 		WARN_ON(pud_write(pudval) || pud_dirty(pudval));
172 
173 	return 0;
174 }
175 
176 /*
177  * wp_clean_pre_vma - The pagewalk pre_vma callback.
178  *
179  * The pre_vma callback performs the cache flush, stages the tlb flush
180  * and calls the necessary mmu notifiers.
181  */
182 static int wp_clean_pre_vma(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
183 			    struct mm_walk *walk)
184 {
185 	struct wp_walk *wpwalk = walk->private;
186 
187 	wpwalk->tlbflush_start = end;
188 	wpwalk->tlbflush_end = start;
189 
190 	mmu_notifier_range_init(&wpwalk->range, MMU_NOTIFY_PROTECTION_PAGE, 0,
191 				walk->vma, walk->mm, start, end);
192 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_start(&wpwalk->range);
193 	flush_cache_range(walk->vma, start, end);
194 
195 	/*
196 	 * We're not using tlb_gather_mmu() since typically
197 	 * only a small subrange of PTEs are affected, whereas
198 	 * tlb_gather_mmu() records the full range.
199 	 */
200 	inc_tlb_flush_pending(walk->mm);
201 
202 	return 0;
203 }
204 
205 /*
206  * wp_clean_post_vma - The pagewalk post_vma callback.
207  *
208  * The post_vma callback performs the tlb flush and calls necessary mmu
209  * notifiers.
210  */
211 static void wp_clean_post_vma(struct mm_walk *walk)
212 {
213 	struct wp_walk *wpwalk = walk->private;
214 
215 	if (mm_tlb_flush_nested(walk->mm))
216 		flush_tlb_range(walk->vma, wpwalk->range.start,
217 				wpwalk->range.end);
218 	else if (wpwalk->tlbflush_end > wpwalk->tlbflush_start)
219 		flush_tlb_range(walk->vma, wpwalk->tlbflush_start,
220 				wpwalk->tlbflush_end);
221 
222 	mmu_notifier_invalidate_range_end(&wpwalk->range);
223 	dec_tlb_flush_pending(walk->mm);
224 }
225 
226 /*
227  * wp_clean_test_walk - The pagewalk test_walk callback.
228  *
229  * Won't perform dirty-tracking on COW, read-only or HUGETLB vmas.
230  */
231 static int wp_clean_test_walk(unsigned long start, unsigned long end,
232 			      struct mm_walk *walk)
233 {
234 	unsigned long vm_flags = READ_ONCE(walk->vma->vm_flags);
235 
236 	/* Skip non-applicable VMAs */
237 	if ((vm_flags & (VM_SHARED | VM_MAYWRITE | VM_HUGETLB)) !=
238 	    (VM_SHARED | VM_MAYWRITE))
239 		return 1;
240 
241 	return 0;
242 }
243 
244 static const struct mm_walk_ops clean_walk_ops = {
245 	.pte_entry = clean_record_pte,
246 	.pmd_entry = wp_clean_pmd_entry,
247 	.pud_entry = wp_clean_pud_entry,
248 	.test_walk = wp_clean_test_walk,
249 	.pre_vma = wp_clean_pre_vma,
250 	.post_vma = wp_clean_post_vma
251 };
252 
253 static const struct mm_walk_ops wp_walk_ops = {
254 	.pte_entry = wp_pte,
255 	.pmd_entry = wp_clean_pmd_entry,
256 	.pud_entry = wp_clean_pud_entry,
257 	.test_walk = wp_clean_test_walk,
258 	.pre_vma = wp_clean_pre_vma,
259 	.post_vma = wp_clean_post_vma
260 };
261 
262 /**
263  * wp_shared_mapping_range - Write-protect all ptes in an address space range
264  * @mapping: The address_space we want to write protect
265  * @first_index: The first page offset in the range
266  * @nr: Number of incremental page offsets to cover
267  *
268  * Note: This function currently skips transhuge page-table entries, since
269  * it's intended for dirty-tracking on the PTE level. It will warn on
270  * encountering transhuge write-enabled entries, though, and can easily be
271  * extended to handle them as well.
272  *
273  * Return: The number of ptes actually write-protected. Note that
274  * already write-protected ptes are not counted.
275  */
276 unsigned long wp_shared_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping,
277 				      pgoff_t first_index, pgoff_t nr)
278 {
279 	struct wp_walk wpwalk = { .total = 0 };
280 
281 	i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
282 	WARN_ON(walk_page_mapping(mapping, first_index, nr, &wp_walk_ops,
283 				  &wpwalk));
284 	i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);
285 
286 	return wpwalk.total;
287 }
288 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(wp_shared_mapping_range);
289 
290 /**
291  * clean_record_shared_mapping_range - Clean and record all ptes in an
292  * address space range
293  * @mapping: The address_space we want to clean
294  * @first_index: The first page offset in the range
295  * @nr: Number of incremental page offsets to cover
296  * @bitmap_pgoff: The page offset of the first bit in @bitmap
297  * @bitmap: Pointer to a bitmap of at least @nr bits. The bitmap needs to
298  * cover the whole range @first_index..@first_index + @nr.
299  * @start: Pointer to number of the first set bit in @bitmap.
300  * is modified as new bits are set by the function.
301  * @end: Pointer to the number of the last set bit in @bitmap.
302  * none set. The value is modified as new bits are set by the function.
303  *
304  * Note: When this function returns there is no guarantee that a CPU has
305  * not already dirtied new ptes. However it will not clean any ptes not
306  * reported in the bitmap. The guarantees are as follows:
307  * a) All ptes dirty when the function starts executing will end up recorded
308  *    in the bitmap.
309  * b) All ptes dirtied after that will either remain dirty, be recorded in the
310  *    bitmap or both.
311  *
312  * If a caller needs to make sure all dirty ptes are picked up and none
313  * additional are added, it first needs to write-protect the address-space
314  * range and make sure new writers are blocked in page_mkwrite() or
315  * pfn_mkwrite(). And then after a TLB flush following the write-protection
316  * pick up all dirty bits.
317  *
318  * Note: This function currently skips transhuge page-table entries, since
319  * it's intended for dirty-tracking on the PTE level. It will warn on
320  * encountering transhuge dirty entries, though, and can easily be extended
321  * to handle them as well.
322  *
323  * Return: The number of dirty ptes actually cleaned.
324  */
325 unsigned long clean_record_shared_mapping_range(struct address_space *mapping,
326 						pgoff_t first_index, pgoff_t nr,
327 						pgoff_t bitmap_pgoff,
328 						unsigned long *bitmap,
329 						pgoff_t *start,
330 						pgoff_t *end)
331 {
332 	bool none_set = (*start >= *end);
333 	struct clean_walk cwalk = {
334 		.base = { .total = 0 },
335 		.bitmap_pgoff = bitmap_pgoff,
336 		.bitmap = bitmap,
337 		.start = none_set ? nr : *start,
338 		.end = none_set ? 0 : *end,
339 	};
340 
341 	i_mmap_lock_read(mapping);
342 	WARN_ON(walk_page_mapping(mapping, first_index, nr, &clean_walk_ops,
343 				  &cwalk.base));
344 	i_mmap_unlock_read(mapping);
345 
346 	*start = cwalk.start;
347 	*end = cwalk.end;
348 
349 	return cwalk.base.total;
350 }
351 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(clean_record_shared_mapping_range);
352