xref: /linux/include/linux/compiler-gcc.h (revision 307797159ac25fe5a2048bf5c6a5718298edca57)
1 /* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
2 #ifndef __LINUX_COMPILER_TYPES_H
3 #error "Please don't include <linux/compiler-gcc.h> directly, include <linux/compiler.h> instead."
4 #endif
5 
6 /*
7  * Common definitions for all gcc versions go here.
8  */
9 #define GCC_VERSION (__GNUC__ * 10000		\
10 		     + __GNUC_MINOR__ * 100	\
11 		     + __GNUC_PATCHLEVEL__)
12 
13 /* Optimization barrier */
14 
15 /* The "volatile" is due to gcc bugs */
16 #define barrier() __asm__ __volatile__("": : :"memory")
17 /*
18  * This version is i.e. to prevent dead stores elimination on @ptr
19  * where gcc and llvm may behave differently when otherwise using
20  * normal barrier(): while gcc behavior gets along with a normal
21  * barrier(), llvm needs an explicit input variable to be assumed
22  * clobbered. The issue is as follows: while the inline asm might
23  * access any memory it wants, the compiler could have fit all of
24  * @ptr into memory registers instead, and since @ptr never escaped
25  * from that, it proved that the inline asm wasn't touching any of
26  * it. This version works well with both compilers, i.e. we're telling
27  * the compiler that the inline asm absolutely may see the contents
28  * of @ptr. See also: https://llvm.org/bugs/show_bug.cgi?id=15495
29  */
30 #define barrier_data(ptr) __asm__ __volatile__("": :"r"(ptr) :"memory")
31 
32 /*
33  * This macro obfuscates arithmetic on a variable address so that gcc
34  * shouldn't recognize the original var, and make assumptions about it.
35  *
36  * This is needed because the C standard makes it undefined to do
37  * pointer arithmetic on "objects" outside their boundaries and the
38  * gcc optimizers assume this is the case. In particular they
39  * assume such arithmetic does not wrap.
40  *
41  * A miscompilation has been observed because of this on PPC.
42  * To work around it we hide the relationship of the pointer and the object
43  * using this macro.
44  *
45  * Versions of the ppc64 compiler before 4.1 had a bug where use of
46  * RELOC_HIDE could trash r30. The bug can be worked around by changing
47  * the inline assembly constraint from =g to =r, in this particular
48  * case either is valid.
49  */
50 #define RELOC_HIDE(ptr, off)						\
51 ({									\
52 	unsigned long __ptr;						\
53 	__asm__ ("" : "=r"(__ptr) : "0"(ptr));				\
54 	(typeof(ptr)) (__ptr + (off));					\
55 })
56 
57 /* Make the optimizer believe the variable can be manipulated arbitrarily. */
58 #define OPTIMIZER_HIDE_VAR(var)						\
59 	__asm__ ("" : "=r" (var) : "0" (var))
60 
61 #ifdef __CHECKER__
62 #define __must_be_array(a)	0
63 #else
64 /* &a[0] degrades to a pointer: a different type from an array */
65 #define __must_be_array(a)	BUILD_BUG_ON_ZERO(__same_type((a), &(a)[0]))
66 #endif
67 
68 /*
69  * Feature detection for gnu_inline (gnu89 extern inline semantics). Either
70  * __GNUC_STDC_INLINE__ is defined (not using gnu89 extern inline semantics,
71  * and we opt in to the gnu89 semantics), or __GNUC_STDC_INLINE__ is not
72  * defined so the gnu89 semantics are the default.
73  */
74 #ifdef __GNUC_STDC_INLINE__
75 # define __gnu_inline	__attribute__((gnu_inline))
76 #else
77 # define __gnu_inline
78 #endif
79 
80 /*
81  * Force always-inline if the user requests it so via the .config,
82  * or if gcc is too old.
83  * GCC does not warn about unused static inline functions for
84  * -Wunused-function.  This turns out to avoid the need for complex #ifdef
85  * directives.  Suppress the warning in clang as well by using "unused"
86  * function attribute, which is redundant but not harmful for gcc.
87  * Prefer gnu_inline, so that extern inline functions do not emit an
88  * externally visible function. This makes extern inline behave as per gnu89
89  * semantics rather than c99. This prevents multiple symbol definition errors
90  * of extern inline functions at link time.
91  * A lot of inline functions can cause havoc with function tracing.
92  */
93 #if !defined(CONFIG_ARCH_SUPPORTS_OPTIMIZED_INLINING) ||		\
94     !defined(CONFIG_OPTIMIZE_INLINING) || (__GNUC__ < 4)
95 #define inline \
96 	inline __attribute__((always_inline, unused)) notrace __gnu_inline
97 #else
98 #define inline inline		__attribute__((unused)) notrace __gnu_inline
99 #endif
100 
101 #define __inline__ inline
102 #define __inline inline
103 #define __always_inline	inline __attribute__((always_inline))
104 #define  noinline	__attribute__((noinline))
105 
106 #define __packed	__attribute__((packed))
107 #define __weak		__attribute__((weak))
108 #define __alias(symbol)	__attribute__((alias(#symbol)))
109 
110 #ifdef RETPOLINE
111 #define __noretpoline __attribute__((indirect_branch("keep")))
112 #endif
113 
114 /*
115  * it doesn't make sense on ARM (currently the only user of __naked)
116  * to trace naked functions because then mcount is called without
117  * stack and frame pointer being set up and there is no chance to
118  * restore the lr register to the value before mcount was called.
119  *
120  * The asm() bodies of naked functions often depend on standard calling
121  * conventions, therefore they must be noinline and noclone.
122  *
123  * GCC 4.[56] currently fail to enforce this, so we must do so ourselves.
124  * See GCC PR44290.
125  */
126 #define __naked		__attribute__((naked)) noinline __noclone notrace
127 
128 #define __noreturn	__attribute__((noreturn))
129 
130 /*
131  * From the GCC manual:
132  *
133  * Many functions have no effects except the return value and their
134  * return value depends only on the parameters and/or global
135  * variables.  Such a function can be subject to common subexpression
136  * elimination and loop optimization just as an arithmetic operator
137  * would be.
138  * [...]
139  */
140 #define __pure			__attribute__((pure))
141 #define __aligned(x)		__attribute__((aligned(x)))
142 #define __aligned_largest	__attribute__((aligned))
143 #define __printf(a, b)		__attribute__((format(printf, a, b)))
144 #define __scanf(a, b)		__attribute__((format(scanf, a, b)))
145 #define __attribute_const__	__attribute__((__const__))
146 #define __maybe_unused		__attribute__((unused))
147 #define __always_unused		__attribute__((unused))
148 #define __mode(x)               __attribute__((mode(x)))
149 
150 /* gcc version specific checks */
151 
152 #if GCC_VERSION < 30200
153 # error Sorry, your compiler is too old - please upgrade it.
154 #endif
155 
156 #if GCC_VERSION < 30300
157 # define __used			__attribute__((__unused__))
158 #else
159 # define __used			__attribute__((__used__))
160 #endif
161 
162 #ifdef CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL
163 # if GCC_VERSION < 30400
164 #   error "GCOV profiling support for gcc versions below 3.4 not included"
165 # endif /* __GNUC_MINOR__ */
166 #endif /* CONFIG_GCOV_KERNEL */
167 
168 #if GCC_VERSION >= 30400
169 #define __must_check		__attribute__((warn_unused_result))
170 #define __malloc		__attribute__((__malloc__))
171 #endif
172 
173 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40000
174 
175 /* GCC 4.1.[01] miscompiles __weak */
176 #ifdef __KERNEL__
177 # if GCC_VERSION >= 40100 &&  GCC_VERSION <= 40101
178 #  error Your version of gcc miscompiles the __weak directive
179 # endif
180 #endif
181 
182 #define __used			__attribute__((__used__))
183 #define __compiler_offsetof(a, b)					\
184 	__builtin_offsetof(a, b)
185 
186 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40100
187 # define __compiletime_object_size(obj) __builtin_object_size(obj, 0)
188 #endif
189 
190 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40300
191 /* Mark functions as cold. gcc will assume any path leading to a call
192  * to them will be unlikely.  This means a lot of manual unlikely()s
193  * are unnecessary now for any paths leading to the usual suspects
194  * like BUG(), printk(), panic() etc. [but let's keep them for now for
195  * older compilers]
196  *
197  * Early snapshots of gcc 4.3 don't support this and we can't detect this
198  * in the preprocessor, but we can live with this because they're unreleased.
199  * Maketime probing would be overkill here.
200  *
201  * gcc also has a __attribute__((__hot__)) to move hot functions into
202  * a special section, but I don't see any sense in this right now in
203  * the kernel context
204  */
205 #define __cold			__attribute__((__cold__))
206 
207 #define __UNIQUE_ID(prefix) __PASTE(__PASTE(__UNIQUE_ID_, prefix), __COUNTER__)
208 
209 #ifndef __CHECKER__
210 # define __compiletime_warning(message) __attribute__((warning(message)))
211 # define __compiletime_error(message) __attribute__((error(message)))
212 #endif /* __CHECKER__ */
213 #endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40300 */
214 
215 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40400
216 #define __optimize(level)	__attribute__((__optimize__(level)))
217 #define __nostackprotector	__optimize("no-stack-protector")
218 #endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40400 */
219 
220 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40500
221 
222 #ifndef __CHECKER__
223 #ifdef LATENT_ENTROPY_PLUGIN
224 #define __latent_entropy __attribute__((latent_entropy))
225 #endif
226 #endif
227 
228 /*
229  * calling noreturn functions, __builtin_unreachable() and __builtin_trap()
230  * confuse the stack allocation in gcc, leading to overly large stack
231  * frames, see https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=82365
232  *
233  * Adding an empty inline assembly before it works around the problem
234  */
235 #define barrier_before_unreachable() asm volatile("")
236 
237 /*
238  * Mark a position in code as unreachable.  This can be used to
239  * suppress control flow warnings after asm blocks that transfer
240  * control elsewhere.
241  *
242  * Early snapshots of gcc 4.5 don't support this and we can't detect
243  * this in the preprocessor, but we can live with this because they're
244  * unreleased.  Really, we need to have autoconf for the kernel.
245  */
246 #define unreachable() \
247 	do {					\
248 		annotate_unreachable();		\
249 		barrier_before_unreachable();	\
250 		__builtin_unreachable();	\
251 	} while (0)
252 
253 /* Mark a function definition as prohibited from being cloned. */
254 #define __noclone	__attribute__((__noclone__, __optimize__("no-tracer")))
255 
256 #if defined(RANDSTRUCT_PLUGIN) && !defined(__CHECKER__)
257 #define __randomize_layout __attribute__((randomize_layout))
258 #define __no_randomize_layout __attribute__((no_randomize_layout))
259 /* This anon struct can add padding, so only enable it under randstruct. */
260 #define randomized_struct_fields_start	struct {
261 #define randomized_struct_fields_end	} __randomize_layout;
262 #endif
263 
264 #endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40500 */
265 
266 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40600
267 
268 /*
269  * When used with Link Time Optimization, gcc can optimize away C functions or
270  * variables which are referenced only from assembly code.  __visible tells the
271  * optimizer that something else uses this function or variable, thus preventing
272  * this.
273  */
274 #define __visible	__attribute__((externally_visible))
275 
276 #endif /* GCC_VERSION >= 40600 */
277 
278 
279 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40900 && !defined(__CHECKER__)
280 /*
281  * __assume_aligned(n, k): Tell the optimizer that the returned
282  * pointer can be assumed to be k modulo n. The second argument is
283  * optional (default 0), so we use a variadic macro to make the
284  * shorthand.
285  *
286  * Beware: Do not apply this to functions which may return
287  * ERR_PTRs. Also, it is probably unwise to apply it to functions
288  * returning extra information in the low bits (but in that case the
289  * compiler should see some alignment anyway, when the return value is
290  * massaged by 'flags = ptr & 3; ptr &= ~3;').
291  */
292 #define __assume_aligned(a, ...) __attribute__((__assume_aligned__(a, ## __VA_ARGS__)))
293 #endif
294 
295 /*
296  * GCC 'asm goto' miscompiles certain code sequences:
297  *
298  *   http://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=58670
299  *
300  * Work it around via a compiler barrier quirk suggested by Jakub Jelinek.
301  *
302  * (asm goto is automatically volatile - the naming reflects this.)
303  */
304 #define asm_volatile_goto(x...)	do { asm goto(x); asm (""); } while (0)
305 
306 /*
307  * sparse (__CHECKER__) pretends to be gcc, but can't do constant
308  * folding in __builtin_bswap*() (yet), so don't set these for it.
309  */
310 #if defined(CONFIG_ARCH_USE_BUILTIN_BSWAP) && !defined(__CHECKER__)
311 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40400
312 #define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP32__
313 #define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP64__
314 #endif
315 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40800
316 #define __HAVE_BUILTIN_BSWAP16__
317 #endif
318 #endif /* CONFIG_ARCH_USE_BUILTIN_BSWAP && !__CHECKER__ */
319 
320 #if GCC_VERSION >= 70000
321 #define KASAN_ABI_VERSION 5
322 #elif GCC_VERSION >= 50000
323 #define KASAN_ABI_VERSION 4
324 #elif GCC_VERSION >= 40902
325 #define KASAN_ABI_VERSION 3
326 #endif
327 
328 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40902
329 /*
330  * Tell the compiler that address safety instrumentation (KASAN)
331  * should not be applied to that function.
332  * Conflicts with inlining: https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=67368
333  */
334 #define __no_sanitize_address __attribute__((no_sanitize_address))
335 #endif
336 
337 #if GCC_VERSION >= 50100
338 /*
339  * Mark structures as requiring designated initializers.
340  * https://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/gcc/Designated-Inits.html
341  */
342 #define __designated_init __attribute__((designated_init))
343 #endif
344 
345 #endif	/* gcc version >= 40000 specific checks */
346 
347 #if !defined(__noclone)
348 #define __noclone	/* not needed */
349 #endif
350 
351 #if !defined(__no_sanitize_address)
352 #define __no_sanitize_address
353 #endif
354 
355 /*
356  * A trick to suppress uninitialized variable warning without generating any
357  * code
358  */
359 #define uninitialized_var(x) x = x
360 
361 #if GCC_VERSION >= 50100
362 #define COMPILER_HAS_GENERIC_BUILTIN_OVERFLOW 1
363 #endif
364 
365 /*
366  * Turn individual warnings and errors on and off locally, depending
367  * on version.
368  */
369 #define __diag_GCC(version, severity, s) \
370 	__diag_GCC_ ## version(__diag_GCC_ ## severity s)
371 
372 /* Severity used in pragma directives */
373 #define __diag_GCC_ignore	ignored
374 #define __diag_GCC_warn		warning
375 #define __diag_GCC_error	error
376 
377 /* Compilers before gcc-4.6 do not understand "#pragma GCC diagnostic push" */
378 #if GCC_VERSION >= 40600
379 #define __diag_str1(s)		#s
380 #define __diag_str(s)		__diag_str1(s)
381 #define __diag(s)		_Pragma(__diag_str(GCC diagnostic s))
382 #endif
383 
384 #if GCC_VERSION >= 80000
385 #define __diag_GCC_8(s)		__diag(s)
386 #else
387 #define __diag_GCC_8(s)
388 #endif
389