xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/zio_checksum.c (revision 56f33205c9ed776c3c909e07d52e94610a675740)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 /*
22  * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
23  * Use is subject to license terms.
24  */
25 
26 #include <sys/zfs_context.h>
27 #include <sys/spa.h>
28 #include <sys/zio.h>
29 #include <sys/zio_checksum.h>
30 
31 /*
32  * Checksum vectors.
33  *
34  * In the SPA, everything is checksummed.  We support checksum vectors
35  * for three distinct reasons:
36  *
37  *   1. Different kinds of data need different levels of protection.
38  *	For SPA metadata, we always want a very strong checksum.
39  *	For user data, we let users make the trade-off between speed
40  *	and checksum strength.
41  *
42  *   2. Cryptographic hash and MAC algorithms are an area of active research.
43  *	It is likely that in future hash functions will be at least as strong
44  *	as current best-of-breed, and may be substantially faster as well.
45  *	We want the ability to take advantage of these new hashes as soon as
46  *	they become available.
47  *
48  *   3. If someone develops hardware that can compute a strong hash quickly,
49  *	we want the ability to take advantage of that hardware.
50  *
51  * Of course, we don't want a checksum upgrade to invalidate existing
52  * data, so we store the checksum *function* in eight bits of the bp.
53  * This gives us room for up to 256 different checksum functions.
54  *
55  * When writing a block, we always checksum it with the latest-and-greatest
56  * checksum function of the appropriate strength.  When reading a block,
57  * we compare the expected checksum against the actual checksum, which we
58  * compute via the checksum function specified by BP_GET_CHECKSUM(bp).
59  */
60 
61 /*ARGSUSED*/
62 static void
63 zio_checksum_off(const void *buf, uint64_t size, zio_cksum_t *zcp)
64 {
65 	ZIO_SET_CHECKSUM(zcp, 0, 0, 0, 0);
66 }
67 
68 zio_checksum_info_t zio_checksum_table[ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS] = {
69 	{{NULL,			NULL},			0, 0, 0, "inherit"},
70 	{{NULL,			NULL},			0, 0, 0, "on"},
71 	{{zio_checksum_off,	zio_checksum_off},	0, 0, 0, "off"},
72 	{{zio_checksum_SHA256,	zio_checksum_SHA256},	1, 1, 0, "label"},
73 	{{zio_checksum_SHA256,	zio_checksum_SHA256},	1, 1, 0, "gang_header"},
74 	{{fletcher_2_native,	fletcher_2_byteswap},	0, 1, 0, "zilog"},
75 	{{fletcher_2_native,	fletcher_2_byteswap},	0, 0, 0, "fletcher2"},
76 	{{fletcher_4_native,	fletcher_4_byteswap},	1, 0, 0, "fletcher4"},
77 	{{zio_checksum_SHA256,	zio_checksum_SHA256},	1, 0, 1, "sha256"},
78 };
79 
80 enum zio_checksum
81 zio_checksum_select(enum zio_checksum child, enum zio_checksum parent)
82 {
83 	ASSERT(child < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
84 	ASSERT(parent < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
85 	ASSERT(parent != ZIO_CHECKSUM_INHERIT && parent != ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON);
86 
87 	if (child == ZIO_CHECKSUM_INHERIT)
88 		return (parent);
89 
90 	if (child == ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON)
91 		return (ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON_VALUE);
92 
93 	return (child);
94 }
95 
96 enum zio_checksum
97 zio_checksum_dedup_select(spa_t *spa, enum zio_checksum child,
98     enum zio_checksum parent)
99 {
100 	ASSERT((child & ZIO_CHECKSUM_MASK) < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
101 	ASSERT((parent & ZIO_CHECKSUM_MASK) < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
102 	ASSERT(parent != ZIO_CHECKSUM_INHERIT && parent != ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON);
103 
104 	if (child == ZIO_CHECKSUM_INHERIT)
105 		return (parent);
106 
107 	if (child == ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON)
108 		return (spa_dedup_checksum(spa));
109 
110 	if (child == (ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON | ZIO_CHECKSUM_VERIFY))
111 		return (spa_dedup_checksum(spa) | ZIO_CHECKSUM_VERIFY);
112 
113 	ASSERT(zio_checksum_table[child & ZIO_CHECKSUM_MASK].ci_dedup ||
114 	    (child & ZIO_CHECKSUM_VERIFY) || child == ZIO_CHECKSUM_OFF);
115 
116 	return (child);
117 }
118 
119 /*
120  * Set the external verifier for a gang block based on <vdev, offset, txg>,
121  * a tuple which is guaranteed to be unique for the life of the pool.
122  */
123 static void
124 zio_checksum_gang_verifier(zio_cksum_t *zcp, blkptr_t *bp)
125 {
126 	dva_t *dva = BP_IDENTITY(bp);
127 	uint64_t txg = BP_PHYSICAL_BIRTH(bp);
128 
129 	ASSERT(BP_IS_GANG(bp));
130 
131 	ZIO_SET_CHECKSUM(zcp, DVA_GET_VDEV(dva), DVA_GET_OFFSET(dva), txg, 0);
132 }
133 
134 /*
135  * Set the external verifier for a label block based on its offset.
136  * The vdev is implicit, and the txg is unknowable at pool open time --
137  * hence the logic in vdev_uberblock_load() to find the most recent copy.
138  */
139 static void
140 zio_checksum_label_verifier(zio_cksum_t *zcp, uint64_t offset)
141 {
142 	ZIO_SET_CHECKSUM(zcp, offset, 0, 0, 0);
143 }
144 
145 /*
146  * Generate the checksum.
147  */
148 void
149 zio_checksum_compute(zio_t *zio, enum zio_checksum checksum,
150 	void *data, uint64_t size)
151 {
152 	blkptr_t *bp = zio->io_bp;
153 	uint64_t offset = zio->io_offset;
154 	zio_block_tail_t *zbt = (zio_block_tail_t *)((char *)data + size) - 1;
155 	zio_checksum_info_t *ci = &zio_checksum_table[checksum];
156 	zio_cksum_t zbt_cksum;
157 
158 	ASSERT((uint_t)checksum < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
159 	ASSERT(ci->ci_func[0] != NULL);
160 
161 	if (ci->ci_zbt) {
162 		if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_GANG_HEADER)
163 			zio_checksum_gang_verifier(&zbt->zbt_cksum, bp);
164 		else if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_LABEL)
165 			zio_checksum_label_verifier(&zbt->zbt_cksum, offset);
166 		else
167 			bp->blk_cksum = zbt->zbt_cksum;
168 		zbt->zbt_magic = ZBT_MAGIC;
169 		ci->ci_func[0](data, size, &zbt_cksum);
170 		zbt->zbt_cksum = zbt_cksum;
171 	} else {
172 		ci->ci_func[0](data, size, &bp->blk_cksum);
173 	}
174 }
175 
176 int
177 zio_checksum_error(zio_t *zio, zio_bad_cksum_t *info)
178 {
179 	blkptr_t *bp = zio->io_bp;
180 	uint_t checksum = (bp == NULL ? zio->io_prop.zp_checksum :
181 	    (BP_IS_GANG(bp) ? ZIO_CHECKSUM_GANG_HEADER : BP_GET_CHECKSUM(bp)));
182 	int byteswap;
183 	int error;
184 	uint64_t size = (bp == NULL ? zio->io_size :
185 	    (BP_IS_GANG(bp) ? SPA_GANGBLOCKSIZE : BP_GET_PSIZE(bp)));
186 	uint64_t offset = zio->io_offset;
187 	void *data = zio->io_data;
188 	zio_block_tail_t *zbt = (zio_block_tail_t *)((char *)data + size) - 1;
189 	zio_checksum_info_t *ci = &zio_checksum_table[checksum];
190 	zio_cksum_t actual_cksum, expected_cksum, verifier;
191 
192 	if (checksum >= ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS || ci->ci_func[0] == NULL)
193 		return (EINVAL);
194 
195 	if (ci->ci_zbt) {
196 		if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_GANG_HEADER)
197 			zio_checksum_gang_verifier(&verifier, bp);
198 		else if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_LABEL)
199 			zio_checksum_label_verifier(&verifier, offset);
200 		else
201 			verifier = bp->blk_cksum;
202 
203 		byteswap = (zbt->zbt_magic == BSWAP_64(ZBT_MAGIC));
204 
205 		if (byteswap)
206 			byteswap_uint64_array(&verifier, sizeof (zio_cksum_t));
207 
208 		expected_cksum = zbt->zbt_cksum;
209 		zbt->zbt_cksum = verifier;
210 		ci->ci_func[byteswap](data, size, &actual_cksum);
211 		zbt->zbt_cksum = expected_cksum;
212 
213 		if (byteswap)
214 			byteswap_uint64_array(&expected_cksum,
215 			    sizeof (zio_cksum_t));
216 	} else {
217 		ASSERT(!BP_IS_GANG(bp));
218 		byteswap = BP_SHOULD_BYTESWAP(bp);
219 		expected_cksum = bp->blk_cksum;
220 		ci->ci_func[byteswap](data, size, &actual_cksum);
221 	}
222 
223 	info->zbc_expected = expected_cksum;
224 	info->zbc_actual = actual_cksum;
225 	info->zbc_checksum_name = ci->ci_name;
226 	info->zbc_byteswapped = byteswap;
227 	info->zbc_injected = 0;
228 	info->zbc_has_cksum = 1;
229 
230 	if (!ZIO_CHECKSUM_EQUAL(actual_cksum, expected_cksum))
231 		return (ECKSUM);
232 
233 	if (zio_injection_enabled && !zio->io_error &&
234 	    (error = zio_handle_fault_injection(zio, ECKSUM)) != 0) {
235 
236 		info->zbc_injected = 1;
237 		return (error);
238 	}
239 
240 	return (0);
241 }
242